Message from the Guest Editor This Special Issue will focus on recent studies on cadmium and trace elements. We solicit research papers and reviews that include, but will not be limited to, the most recent approaches to the study of cadmium and trace elements in humans and pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases or diabetes, in tumors as factors promoting or aggravating the pathology itself, and in agonist and antagonist relationships in drugs. We also solicit studies on the possible biochemical and biomolecular correlations in the onset of tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and other diseases linked to trace elements. Furthermore, we seek submissions on the impact of cadmium on animal models and on its correlations with the territories linked to the diet, soil, and geology of these animals. Authors are welcome to submit original research papers, reviews, and short communications.